A good oral diagnosis (initial examination) is performed through intraoral, extraoral, and radiological examination.
The extraoral examination includes the mouth and surrounding tissues (face, jaws, jaw joint, lips, nose, neck, chin, etc.).
In the intraoral examination, the teeth are systematically examined. They are evaluated for gum recession, plaque, tartar accumulation, presence of fistulas, mobility, decay, mismatched restorations, crowding, color, number, and shape abnormalities. After the individual examination of teeth, they are also assessed for occlusion and the relationship between the jaws.
Radiological examination involves dental radiographs, which are dental films that assist in diagnosing oral diseases, particularly those related to hard tissues like teeth and jawbone.
A panoramic X-ray
A type of radiograph that allows the entire jaws, all teeth, and many disorders in the jaws and teeth to be seen on a single film. It is recommended to be taken after the initial examination to determine the treatment plan.
Dental tomography
A radiological method performed by simultaneously rotating a cone-shaped X-ray beam and an imaging detector around the patient's head at 180 or 360 degrees. As a result of this rotation, a pre-selected volume is visualized in three different sections (axial, sagittal, and coronal) using computer software.
To simply compare the two methods:
Conventional Dental X-rays: Conventional dental X-rays produce two-dimensional (2D) images. They usually come in different forms, such as panoramic X-rays or periapical X-rays. These show the horizontal and vertical positions of the teeth and jawbones but do not provide a detailed 3D structure. Conventional dental X-rays are commonly used for detecting cavities, gum diseases, and monitoring tooth roots.
Dental Tomography: Dental tomography produces three-dimensional (3D) images. This technology provides a more detailed and layered view of the teeth and jaw structure. Dental tomography is used in cases such as implant placement, jaw surgery, root treatments, and the assessment of complex jaw disorders. 3D images allow for a better understanding of anatomical structure and more accurate treatment planning.
• Implant Placement: Dental tomography is used for the correct positioning and sizing of implants. It is crucial for implant treatment planning.
• Jaw Surgery: It provides a detailed evaluation of the jaw structure before jaw surgery or oral surgical procedures.
• Jaw Injuries: It is used for the evaluation and treatment planning of jaw fractures or injuries.
• Root Treatments: It can be used in cases requiring root canal treatments or re-treatment of teeth.
• Jaw Disorders: It is used to evaluate temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders or the condition of the jaw joint.
• Tooth Cavities and Lesions: It can be used for a more detailed examination of tooth decay and gum lesions.
• 3D (Three-Dimensional) Images: Provides more detailed and layered images, improving treatment planning.
• Precise Diagnosis: Enhances the ability to identify and treat complex jaw issues.
• Better Implant Outcomes: Ensures correct sizing and positioning for implant placement.
• Fast Scanning and Low Radiation: Fast scanning time and low radiation dose provide a more comfortable experience for patients.